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Medicines > classes : Botanical or GABA-A positive allosteric modulator or Opioid

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generic:
Codeine (2)
brand:
None (32) · (multiple, generic dominant) (1) · Alfenta (1) · Darvon (1) · Demerol (1) · Dilaudid (1) · Duragesic (1) · Heroin (1) · Krokodil (1) · Nubain (1) · Nucynta (1) · O-DSMT (1) · Opana (1) · Stablon (1) · Stadol (1) · Sufenta (1) · Talwin (1) · Ultiva (1) · Vicodin (1) · Zulresso (1)
classes: (Click arrow to add another value)
mechanism:
Potent mu-opioid receptor agonist (6) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist (4) · Contains LSA (2) · Contains mescaline (2)
uses:
None (49) · Mild to moderate pain; cough suppression (low-dose). (1) · Postpartum depression (PPD) in adults (1)
starting dose:
None (49) · Adult: 15–60 mg every 4 hours as needed. (1) · Single 60-hour continuous IV infusion: 30 mcg/kg/h × 4h → 60 mcg/kg/h × 20h → 90 mcg/kg/h × 28h → 60 mcg/kg/h × 4h → 30 mcg/kg/h × 4h (1)
preparations:
None (49) · 100 mg/20 mL vial, single-use (1) · Tablet (15, 30, 60 mg); oral solution; combination products (with [[Acetaminophen|acetaminophen]] or ibuprofen). (1)
fda max:
None (49) · 360 mg/day (1) · Single 60-hour course (1)
routes:
None (49) · Intravenous (continuous infusion in a REMS-certified facility) (1) · PO (only formulation marketed in the US). (1)
onset:
None (49) · 30–60 min (PO) (1) · Antidepressant effect within hours of infusion start; sustained at 30 days (1)
duration:
None (49) · 4–6 hours (1) · Single infusion course (1)
halflife:
None (49) · 2.5–3 hours (1) · ~9 hours (terminal) (1)
bioavailability:
None (49) · 100% (IV) (1) · ~50% (variable, CYP2D6-dependent for analgesic effect). (1)
pregnancy:
None (49) · Avoid; risk of neonatal opioid withdrawal with chronic use; UM-mother breastfeeding contraindicated. (1) · Medicine is structurally identical to endogenous allopregnanolone; pregnancy considerations relate to breastfeeding during/after infusion. Limited data; brief interruption of breastfeeding considered (1)
legal:
None (49) · Rx; REMS program required (excessive sedation/loss of consciousness during infusion) (1) · US Schedule II (single-entity); Schedule III–V (combination products by content). (1)

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